At the beginning of the 1950s, G. Shajn and V. Gase fulfilled an imaging survey of the Milky Way in the hydrogen Ha emission line with 640-mm and 450-mm (F : 1.4) astrographs.
Before this survey, only about 80 emission nebulae were known. Their catalogue has listed 301 objects
(Gase 1955),
the majority of which were new diffuse emission nebulae.
The “Atlas of diffuse gaseous nebulae” by G. Shajn and V. Gase was one of the most popular surveys at the time before the completion of the Palomar Sky Survey
(Shajn 1952 [S-1952]).
Short reviews of the emission nebulae studies by G. Shajn and V. Gase are made by S. Pikelner (
1957,
1957a ) and V. Pronik (
1995 ).
To search for exciting stars of emission nebulae new catalogues of stars of early spectral type were needed. G. Shajn ( 1955 ) described the research plan for this study: "Partly for that purpose spectroscopic observations of stars brighter than 12m.2, by means of a 400 mm camera equipped with a 410 mm prism with angle 6°.9 are being carried out at the Simeiz Observatory. Star magnitudes, color indices, and color excesses are also being determined, mainly in the regions with emission nebulae". A short summary of the Shajn's Plan was given by G. Shajn and V. Gase ( 1951 ). This plan was later transformed to the Plan of the Galaxy’s structure studies (Kolesnik 1995).
2. The Shajn's Plan realization
The Shajn's Plan was fulfilled by 12 researchers. Seven researchers worked at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory: E. Brodskaya, R. Ikhsanov, I. Kopylov, L. Metik, I. Pronik, P. Shajn, G. Sharapova. The remaining researchers were from various regions of the Soviet Union: A. Alksnis from Riga, N. Grigorieva from Moscow, A. Numerova from Leningrad, R. Raznik from Ulyanovsk, V. Straizys from Vilnius. Stars of different spectral types were studied in 13 sky regions near of 10° x 10° along the Milky Way. The observations data for all regions were obtained in the Simeiz and Nauchny with 170-mm and 400-mm astrographs. The detailed references may be found in the review by I. Pronik ( 2005 ).
3. The results publication of Shajn's Plan and digitization of the catalogues
Before beginning of the work on the analysis of results from Shajn’s Plane we executed expert operation as published catalogues are presented in modern database, interacting with IVO tools. In table 1 are presented a general characteristics of the studied regions and basic statistics for explored stars. The determination of the table columns: 1 – is a number of the region (Nr); 2, 3 – are right ascension (a) and declination (d) at the epoch 1950.0; 4, 5 – are galactic longitude (l) and latitude (b); 6 – is the size of the region in square degrees (A); 7 – is the number of studied stars (N); 8 – is the number of the O - B (A) stars (n); 9 – is the spectral classes hot (n) - stars (Sp); 10 – is a number of stars in SIMBAD (SI); 11 – basic references in the SOA/NASA ADS (B); 12 - catalogues in CrAVO databases (D).
Nr | a | d | l | b | A | N | n | Sp | SI | B | D |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
1 | 00h00m | +66°30' | 86° | +5°.0 | 15 | 605 | 44 | O-B5 | - | 1963IzKry..30..131R | R-1963 |
2 | 00 30 | +62 00 | 89 | 0.0 | 45 | 2816 | 500 | O-B5 | - | 1964SoSht..136...3B | B-1964 |
3 | 01 25 | +61 50 | 95 | +0.5 | 85 | 3206 | 731 | O-B5 | 33 | 1960IzKry..24..160B * | B-1960 |
4 | 02 30 | +58 00 | 104 | -1.0 | 48 | 3340 | 835 | O-B5 | 9 | 1958IzKry..20..299B | B-1958 |
5 | 05 32 | +22 00 | 153 | -3.6 | 4 | 86 | 6 | O-B5 | - | 1963IzKry..30..126B | B-1963 |
6 | 05 32 | -05 30 | 177 | -17.6 | 56 | 1572 | 57 | O-B6 | - | 1963VilOB...7....1S | S-1963 |
7 | 18 10 | -15 00 | 343 | -0.6 | 68 | 3914 | 276 | O-B3 | 33 | 1958IzKry..20..208P | P-1958 |
8 | 18 54 | +05 00 | 6.1 | -0.7 | 36 | 1492 | 79 | O-B3 | - | 1961IzKry..26..351P | P-1961 |
9 | 20 05 | +36 00 | 41.0 | +1.1 | 36 | 5000 | 120 | B0-B5 | 11 | 1958IzKry..19..230N | N-1958 |
10 | 20 16 | +42 30 | 47.6 | +3.0 | 30 | 952 | 952 | O-A | 425 | 1959IzKry..21..229I | I-1959 |
11 | 20 44 | +45 00 | 53 | +0.6 | 42 | 3404 | 60 | O-B2 | 3 | 1960IzKry..23...60M | M-1960 |
12 | 21 24 | +58 30 | 67 | +5.6 | 25 | 2060 | 67 | O-B5 | 2022 | 1958TrRig...7...33A | A-1958 |
13 | 23 25 | +61 30 | 81 | +0.8 | 64 | 5752 | 400 | O-B5 | 4 | 1955IzKry..14....3B | B-1955 |
14 | 23 27 | +61 00 | 81 | +0.8 | 64 | 400 | 400 | O-B5 | - | 1953IzKry..10..104B | B-1953 |
* Contains a catalog of the 1953IzKry..10..120K [K-1953].
To continue analyze the data from Plane, we created the digitized version of the catalogues from print copies. Working on a digitized version of catalogues we understood that it should be in the formats similar to the representation of articles in the SAO/NASA ADS. The first priority in creating a digital version of catalogues is the addition of ADS titles of missing articles in order to eliminate discrepancies between the actual numbers of publications and those that are presented in the ADS. Next step - the list of objects and their characteristic, which is presented in catalogues. More detailed information about digitized articles from “Izvestiya of CrAO” (with included a catalogues from Shajn’s Plane) were described in articles by Bondar' ( 2013 ) and Shlyapnikov ( 2007, 2015 ).
4. The Shajn's Plan plate archive
Common information about archive of CrAO and main characteristics of individual plates from the Milky Way collection were performed in the united computer readable forms (Bondar' 2007). One form contains information about a telescopes (for more informations see "Instruments") and the other form appears plate parameters - coordinates of its center, exposure, emulsion, filter, sensitive (pg, pv), size (deg.), storage, time of observation (date, Julian date, local and sidereal time) and name of astronomer who made this observation (for more informations see "Observations").
Data files for direct and spectral plates are saved in ’dBASEIII+’ format and sorted in ascending of right ascension. Copies of these files submitted to the Wide-Field Plate Database (WFPDB). To request information about the plate it should be define coordinates of its center and size. Centers of plates for the epoch 1950.0 and description of the collection in detail are given in Bondar' ( 1999, 2006 ).
The current status of the archive data and observations with possibility of the access with applications of the IVOA is presented in sections of the "Observation" and "Catalogues".
Photo | Full Name (similar, in russian) Фамилия, имя, отчество |
Biography | Worked in the observatory |
Last position | Observations (Objects for the "Shajn's Plan" only) |
Publications | Galery |
Alksnis Andrey Karlovich Алкснис Андрей Карлович |
A, C, W | 1953-1955 | Ph.D. student | 2348 stars in Cepheus | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Brodskaya Emma Semenovna Бродская Эмма Семеновна |
A, C, W | 1945-2002? | Senior Researcher |
12174 stars in Cassiopeiae and Cepheus 3340 stars in Persei 86 stars around of Crab Nebula |
Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Gaze Vera Fedorovna Газе Вера Федоровна |
A, C, W | 1940-1954 | Senior Researcher |
301 nebulaes and 316 stars | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Grigorieva Nataliya Borisovna Григорьева Наталия Борисовна |
A, C, W | visitor | SAI | 2816 stars in Cassiopeiae | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Ikhsanov Robert Nazifovich Ихсанов Роберт Назифович |
A, C, W | 1953-1955 | Ph.D. student | 952 stars in Cygnus | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Kopylov Ivan Miheevich Копылов Иван Михеевич |
A, C, W | 1950-1966 | astronom | 731 stars in Cassiopeiae | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Metik Lyubov Pavlovna Метик Любовь Павловна |
A, C, W | 1953-2007? | Senior Researcher |
3404 stars in Cygnus | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Numerova Anastasiya Borisovna Нумерова Анастасия Борисовна |
A, C, W | 5000 stars in Cygnus | Af, ASP, CSP | ||||
Pronik Iraida Ivanovna Проник Ираида Ивановна |
A, C, W | 1950-2014 | Leading Sci. Researcher |
1571 stars (a =18h54m, d =+05°00') ??? stars (a =18h54m, d =+05°30') |
Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Raznik Rahil' Menashevna Разник Рахиль Менашевна |
A, C, W | 1960-1963? | UPI, Ph.D. student | 605 stars in Cassiopeiae and Cepheus | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Shajn Grigoriy Abramovich Шайн Григорий Абрамович |
A, C, W | 1925-1956 | Head of DPSN | 301 nebulaes and 316 stars | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Shajn Pelageya Fedorovna Шайн Пелагеея Федоровна |
A, C, W | 1925-1956 | astronom | 3340 stars in Persei | Af, ASP, CSP | ||
Sharapova Galina Nikolaevna Шарапова Галина Николаевна |
A, C, W | ??? stars (a =18h54m, d =+05°30') | Af, ASP, CSP | ||||
Straizys Vitautas L. Страйжис Витаутас |
A, C, W | Orion association | Af, ASP, CSP |
Telescope. System(s) Location: Nauchny (N), Simeiz (S) |
Time of the operation | Aperture (мм) | Focus (мм) | Equipment (number) | Observers (peoples) | Objects (number) | Bibliography (number) | Note |
Rihter-Slefogt (S, N) |
since 1948 | 643 | 822 | 3 | + | Nebulas Stars Asteroids |
+ | Modernized in 2004 |
450-mm astrograph (S) | since 1949 | 450 | 630 | 2 | + | + | + | |
16" - astrograph (S) | 1947-1951 | 400 | 1600 | 2 | + | + | + | It is sent in SAI. |
since 1949 | 400 | 1600 | 3 | + | + | + | ||
Astrograph with objective «Dogmar» (S, N) |
с 1948 г. | 167 | 750 | 2 | + | + | + | It is sent in Odessa? |
The distribution of the photographs on the celestial sphere, obtained within the project “Shajn’s Plan”. Direct images on left's panel and spectroscopic plates, obtained with using the astrographs with objective prisms, on right's panel.
eCat |
Objects |
Reference |
|||
Alksnis A.K. | Determination of magnitudes, color indices and spectral classes of stars in an area centered on a = 21h24m, d = +58°30' [A-1958] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Brodskaya E.S. | The spectra and magnitudes of 400 stars of spectral class 0-B5 in Milky Way area centered at a = 23h27m, d = +61° [B-1953] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Brodskaya E.S. | Catalogue of spectral classes, magnitudes and color indices of 5752 stars in an area of the Milky Way centered at a = 23h25m, d = +61°30' [B-1955] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Brodskaya E.S., Shajn P.F. | Spectra and photographic magnitudes of 3340 stars in Perseus [B-1958] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Brodskaya E.S. | Interstellar absorption in the direction of the Crab nebula [B-1963] | C V A O | C S N O | C A S | |
Brodskaya E.S., Grigorieva N.B. | Spectra, visual magnitudes and color indices in Cassiopeia [B-1965] | C V A O | C S N O | C A S | |
Ikhsanov R.N. | The spectra, magnitudes and colours of O-A type stars in an area of the Milky Way with the center a = 20h16m, d = +42°30' [I-1959] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Kopylov I.M. | Spectra and magnitudes of 731 faint stars of spectral classes O-B5 in the Milky Way areas with center a = 01h25m and d = +61°50' (1950) [K-1953] | C V A O | C S N O | C A S | |
Metik L.P. | Spectral classes, photographic magnitudes and colour indices of 3404 stars in Cygnus (center a = 20h44m, d = +45°00', 1950.0) [M-1960] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Numerova A.B. | A catalogue of the spectra, photographic magnitudes and colour centreof 5000 stars in Cygnus in an area of 6°x6° with the centre at a = 20h05m, d = +36°00' (1950.0) [N-1958] |
A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Pronik I.I. | Spectral classes, stellar magnitudes and color indices of 3915 faint stars in a area with the center a = 18h00m, d = +15°00' [P-1958] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Pronik I.I. | Spectral types and stellar magnitudes of 1492 stars in an area with the center a = 18h54m, d = +05°00' (1950.0) [P-1961] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Raznik R.M. | Spectra, magnitudes and color indices of stars in an area with the center a = 00h00m, d = +66°30' [R-1963] |
A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |
Straizys V.L. | The catalogue of O-FO stars in the southern part of Orion association [S-1963] | A | C V A O | C S N O | C A S |